Die Schwarzgesichttangare (Trichothraupis melanops (Vieillot)) lebt im Atlantischen Regenwald im Osten Südamerikas, eine kleine isolierte Population kommt aber in den Anden vor, und diese wurde nun als eigenständige Art erkannt und beschrieben: als Anden-Schwarzgesichttangare.
Die ‘neue’ Art unterscheidet sich von der Schwarzgesichttangare (Trichothraupis melanops (Vieillot)) anhand einer ausgedehnteren schwarzen Gesichtsmaske und eines grau anstatt grünlich gefärbten Rückens; beide Geschlechter haben eine blasser gefärbte Unterseite und kürzere Füße.
[1] Vagner Cavarzere; Thiago Vernaschi V. Costa; Gustavo S. Cabanne; Natalia Trujillo-Arias; Rafael S. Marcondes; Luís F. Silveira: A new species of tanager (Aves: Thraupidae) from the eastern slopes of the Andes. Zootaxa 5468: 541-556. 2024
Dieser Vogel wurde erstmals 1993 entdeckt, wurde aber erst in den 2000er Jahren als etwas Neues erkannt und mit dem Spitznamen “Kill Bill-Tangare” bedacht; aufgrund ihrer Färbung, die an den, unter Filmfans berühmten, Anzug der Hauptdarstellerin im gleichnamigen Film erinnert.
Die Art wurde nun endlich offiziell als neue Gattung und Art beschrieben und wird wegen ihrer leuchtend gelben Färbung als Inti-Tangare bezeichnet, nach dem Quechua-Wort “Inti” für Sonne. [1]
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Quelle:
[1] Daniel F. Lane; Miguel Angel Aponte Justiniano; Ryan S. Terrill; Frank E. Rheindt; Luke B. Klicka; Gary H. Rosenberg; Jonathan Schmitt; Kevin J. Burns: A new genus and species of tanager (Passeriformes, Thraupidae) from the lower Yungas of western Bolivia and southern Peru. Ornithology 138: 1-17. 2021
Diese ‘Art’ wurde im Jahr 1873 beschrieben, es ist nur ein einziges Exemplar bekannt, welches offenbar irgendwo in Venezuela gefunden wurde; einer anderen Quelle zufolge in Trinidad. [1][2]
Es handelt sich hierbei tatsächlich um einen Hybriden mit dem Kappennaschvogel (Chlorophanes spiza (L.)) und dem Türkisnaschvogel (Cyanerpes cyaneus (L.)) als Elternarten. [2]
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Darstellung aus: ‘Philip Lutley Sclater: Catalogue of the Passeriformes, or perching birds, in the collection of the British Museum. Fringilliformes: part II; containing the families Coerebidae, Tanagridae, and Icteridae. London 1886’
(public domain)
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bearbeitet: 25.03.2021
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Quellen:
[1] Philip Lutley Sclater: Catalogue of the Passeriformes, or perching birds, in the collection of the British Museum. Fringilliformes: part II; containing the families Coerebidae, Tanagridae, and Icteridae. London 1886 [2] Julian P. Hume: Extinct Birds. Bloomsbury Natural History; 2nd edition 2017
Vielleicht habe ich hier meine Grenzen erreicht, der Flügel ist anscheinend zu klein, um ihn richtig zu zeichnen, und ich bin nicht wirklich zufrieden mit der Farbe der Hangschwingen, die sollten nämlich eher graublau als braun sein.
I have some free days right now, actually I have five days holiday right now!
So I decided to draw a bit … which, of course, hasn’t been that much successful so far … however, here are two pieces that I have at least already sketched, two members of one of the most colorful bird families at all, the tanagers (Thraupidae).
Bruner’s Rail (Cacroenis inornatus Bruner) is a very enigmatic species of rail supposed to have been endemic to the Tuamotu Archipelago, whose name repeatedly appears in listings of extinct birds and other publications. [4]
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Yet, this species has never existed, but see for yourself.:
The name first appears in the “Field guide to the birds of French Polynesia” from 1972, obviously the first book about the birds of French Polynesia, and full of errors, some of them bad, others worst. [3]
The story begins right with the discovery of the Cocos Finch in 1843.: [1][2]
“This bird, which is in all probability a female, is from Bow Island, and is, I believe, the only insessorial form that has been brought from thence. Only a single example was procured, and its principal interest consists in its forming an additional species of a small group of birds inhabiting the Galapagos, to which islands they had hitherto appeared to be peculiar. … Bow Island has truly little to boast of in its ornithology, since the only birds seen by us during a residence of six weeks at this Atol coral island were doves, the above new species of Cactornis, plover, a few black and white tern which appear attached to these situations, and herons; and none of these were at all numerous. The Cactornis inornatus was usually noticed about the lowly bushes of Petesia carnea, the succulent fruit of which most probably constitutes its chief food.”
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Bow- or La Harpe Island, both are old names for the Hao atoll in the middle of the Tuamotu Archipelago, French Polynesia, and the plant mentioned in the text, Petesia carnea, is now known as Psychotria carnea (G. Forst.) A. C. Sm., a species that is native to Fiji and Tonga, and that has never existed in the Tuamotu Archipelago.
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The bird is mentioned in the “Field guide to the birds of French Polynesia” [as Cacroenis inornatus] as being confusing and obscure but also as being small, speckled and generally brownish in appearance; it appears in a checklist at the end of the book [this time as Cactornis inornatus] as having been introduced to the Archipelago, which is complete bullsh**!
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The Cocos Finch is now named as Pinaroloxias inornata (Gould), however, how this finch-like tanager finally ended up as a extinct rail species is still not known to me.
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[1] John Gould: On nine new birds collected during the voyage of H.M.S. Sulphur. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 11. 103-107. 1843 [2] John Edward Gray; John Gould; John Richardson; Richard Brinsley Hinds and others: The zoology of the voyage of H.M.S. Sulphur: under the command of Captain Sir Edward Belcher, during the years 1836-42. London: Smith, Elder 1843-1846 [3] Phillip L. Bruner; O. G. Dykes: Field guide to the birds of French Polynesia. Bishop Museum Press 1972 [4] Greg Sherley; Rod Hay: Review of avifauna conservation needs in Polynesia. Bird Conservation Priorities and a Draft Avifauna Conservation Strategy for the Pacific Islands Region 10-17. 1999
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Cocos Finch (Pinaroloxias inornata), female
Depiction from: ‘John Edward Gray; John Gould; John Richardson; Richard Brinsley Hinds and others: The zoology of the voyage of H.M.S. Sulphur: under the command of Captain Sir Edward Belcher, during the years 1836-42‘
Small Tree-Finch (Geospiza parvulus ssp. parvulus) Salvin’s Small Tree-Finch (Geospiza parvulus ssp. salvini)
Genovesa Cactus-Finch (Geospiza propinqua)
Fernandina Large Tree-Finch (Geospiza psittacula ssp. affinis) Pinta Large Tree-Finch (Geospiza psittacula ssp. habeli) Large Tree-Finch (Geospiza psittacula ssp. psittacula)
Medium Tree-Finch (Geospiza pauper)
Vampire Finch (Geospiza septentrionalis)
Pinta Cactus-Finch (Geospiza scandens ssp. abingdoni) Common Cactus-Finch (Geospiza scandens ssp. intermedia) Rothschild’s Cactus-Finch (Geospiza scandens ssp. rothschildi) San Salvador Cactus-Finch (Geospiza scandens ssp. scandens)
Vegetarian Finch (Platyspiza crassirostris)
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As before, I decided to arrange the names simply in alphabetical order, and to exclude the species’ authors (and the Cocos Island Finch (Pinaroloxias inornata (Gould)), which is one of the Darwin’s Finches but does not inhabit the Galápagos Islands).
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References:
[1] Heather L. Farrington; Lucinda P. Lawson; Courtney M. Clark; Kenneth Petren: The evolutionary history of Darwin’s finches: Speciation, gene flow, and introgression in a fragmented landscape. Evolution 68(10): 2932-2944. 2014 [2] Sangeet Lamichhaney; Jonas Berglund; Markus Sällman Almén; Khurram Maqbool; Manfred Grabherr; Alvaro Martinez-Barrio; Marta Promerová; Carl-Johan Rubin; Chao Wang; Neda Zamani; B. Rosemary Grant; Peter R. Grant; Matthew T. Webster; Leif Andersson: Evolution of Darwin’s finches and their beaks revealed by genome sequencing. Nature 518: 371-375. 2015 [3] http://jboyd.net/Taxo/taxo1.html
… having criticized the “A Guide to the Birds of the Galápagos Islands” for not naming the numerous subspecies of the finches, I will now add here a list of all these subspecies, I have named them, to the best of my knowledge, with common names as well.:
Small Tree-Finch (Camarhynchus parvulus ssp. parvulus) Salvin’s Small Tree-Finch (Camarhynchus parvulus ssp. salvini)
Fernandina Large Tree-Finch (Camarhynchus psittacula ssp. affinis) Pinta Large Tree-Finch (Camarhynchus psittacula ssp. habeli) Large Tree-Finch (Camarhynchus psittacula ssp. psittacula)
Pinta Cactus-Finch (Geospiza scandens ssp. abingdoni) Common Cactus-Finch (Geospiza scandens ssp. intermedia) Rothschild’s Cactus-Finch (Geospiza scandens ssp. rothschildi) San Salvador Cactus-Finch (Geospiza scandens ssp. scandens)
Vegetarian Finch (Platyspiza crassirostris)
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Some of these subspecies may now warrant species status (for example the Vampire Finch or Vampire Ground-Finch), however, I’m not yet fully into that matter … did I mention before that it appears to be quite difficult to get good information about these birds?
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… hm, maybe I was a bit too excessive with the tags …. 😛
